Nutritional Guide for Lung Cancer
The Importance of Nutrition in Lung Cancer
Nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting the body during the fight against lung cancer. A well-designed nutritional plan can reduce the side effects of treatment, improve respiratory function, and help prevent weight loss or muscle wasting. The diet must be tailored to individual needs, taking into account overall health status, the type and stage of cancer, ongoing treatments, and any respiratory complications.
Meal Structure According to Tolerance and Needs
Meals should be easy to digest yet rich in nutrients. It is recommended to have 5–6 small meals a day, featuring calorie-dense and nutrient-rich foods, with a focus on high-quality proteins and healthy fats to compensate for poor appetite or feeding difficulties.
Proteins: Essential for Recovery
Proteins help maintain muscle mass and support tissue regeneration. Recommended sources include eggs, fatty fish, lean meats, legumes, tofu, low-fat cheeses, and Greek yogurt. If dietary intake is insufficient, protein supplements can be used.
Healthy Fats Support the Respiratory System
Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce inflammation and support lung health. Ideal sources include avocado, extra virgin olive oil, nuts, almonds, flax and chia seeds, as well as fatty fish. Trans fats and fats from fried foods should be avoided.
Vegetables and Fruits: Sources of Vitality
Vegetables and fruits provide essential vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants. Daily consumption of green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, carrots, beets, and peppers is recommended, along with fruits rich in vitamin C and flavonoids, such as berries, citrus fruits, and apples.
NUTRITIONAL PLAN
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The Role of Fiber in Digestion and Detoxification
Fiber supports healthy bowel movements and prevents constipation. Recommended sources include oats, brown rice, quinoa, psyllium husks, and whole grain bread, incorporated into daily meals.
The Importance of Hydration
Proper hydration is vital for optimal body function. It is recommended to consume 1.5–2 liters of fluids daily, from sources such as plain water, herbal infusions, clear vegetable broth, and lightly brewed green tea.
How Mindful Eating Helps
To avoid digestive discomfort, it is recommended to chew food slowly, avoid rapid eating, and take meals in a calm, well-ventilated environment free from distractions.
The Role of Dietary Supplements
Supplements can support the body but should only be taken upon medical advice. Commonly used supplements include vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, zinc, and selenium. However, all supplements must be carefully evaluated to avoid interfering with cancer treatments.
Foods to Avoid in Lung Cancer
It is advisable to avoid refined sugar, processed foods, carbonated drinks, store-bought juices, cold cuts, fried foods, and frozen ready meals. Alcohol, in any form, is also contraindicated.
Sample One-Day Menu
Breakfast: oats with plant-based milk, chia seeds, blueberries, and a boiled egg
Morning Snack: an apple and a handful of walnuts
Lunch: steamed turkey breast, broccoli with olive oil, and brown rice
Afternoon Snack: Greek yogurt with cinnamon and pumpkin seeds
Dinner: lentil cream soup and a slice of whole grain bread
Before Bed: chamomile tea and a few raw almonds
The Importance of a Balanced Lifestyle
Alongside proper nutrition, an active and balanced lifestyle is essential. Light physical activity, breathing exercises, walks, and emotional support can significantly improve the quality of life for patients.
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